00 考试地图

这份文件不是详细讲义，而是先回答一个问题：Sample Exam Questions 反复在考什么？

如果你想按题号或 Sample Set 直接反查到分册，请配合 00_question_to_topic_map.md 一起用。

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1. 样题高频知识块

根据 Sample Set 1–6，重复率最高的主题大致可以分成下面几组：

知识块	高频题型	样题表现
DFM	MCQ + 简答 + 讨论	反复考 DFM 定义、何时介入、原则、设计比较
Sustainability / 4Rs	MCQ + 简答	反复考三大支柱、actionable principles、4Rs
Quality / 7QC	MCQ + 长题	cause-effect diagram、Pareto chart、control chart 高频出现
Robust Design / Taguchi	长题 + 计算	quadratic loss、noise factors、quality characteristic
Six Sigma / DMAIC / capability	MCQ + 长题	DMAIC、CTQ、Cp/Cpk 多次出现
PM fundamentals	MCQ + 简答	project definition、process groups、Talent Triangle
Scope / WBS	MCQ + 长题	WBS 定义、100% rule、分解、画 WBS
Schedule / CPM	MCQ + 长题	critical path、forward pass、backward pass、float
Communications	MCQ + 计算	channels formula、agenda、communication model
Risk	MCQ + 简答	SWOT、risk process、response strategies
Conflict management	长题	avoiding / accommodating / collaborating / compromising / competing
Finance / costing	MCQ + 长题	NPV、BCR、IRR、cash flow、break-even、make-or-buy
Accounting basics	MCQ	EBITDA / EBITA、gross profit、P&L
Organization structure	MCQ	divisional / matrix / start-up / formal organisation

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2. 按考试感觉分层

第一层：几乎必复习

这些题型在多套样题里重复出现：

• DFM definition / principles / early design impact
• sustainability principles / three pillars / 4Rs
• 7QC tools
• control chart
• Six Sigma / DMAIC
• process capability (Cp, Cpk)
• WBS
• CPM / critical path
• communication channels
• risk identification / response
• break-even / make-or-buy / NPV-BCR-IRR

第二层：很可能出变形题

• organizational structure classification
• start-up structure traits
• Talent Triangle / project manager skills
• conflict handling strategies
• P&L / gross profit / EBITDA / EBITA
• cash flow / overtrading

第三层：题目里强烈出现，但 slide 支撑未必完整

• detailed accounting interpretation
• enterprise valuation / company present valuation
• defender strategic posture
• EVM (SPI, CPI)
• leadership vs management
• standard vs regulation
• some business/legal structure items

这些内容建议记住题型与判断逻辑，但答题时要保守，不要臆造课程原文。

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3. 如果你是按题号复习

• 想按 Sample Set / Question 直接找内容：看 00_question_to_topic_map.md
• 想先抓最常考知识块：继续看本文件下面的复习顺序

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4. 推荐复习顺序

路线 A：先抓分

1. 01_dfm_sustainability.md
2. 02_quality_six_sigma.md
3. 04_schedule_wbs_risk_comms.md
4. 05_finance_and_costing.md
5. 06_formulas_and_answer_templates.md

路线 B：按课程感觉走

1. PM fundamentals
2. Scope / Schedule / WBS / Communications / Risk
3. DFM / Sustainability
4. Quality / Robust Design / Six Sigma
5. Finance / Costing

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5. 你做题时要先识别的“题目信号词”

信号词	你应该想到什么
ease of manufacturing, lower cost, fewer parts	DFM
current/future generations, environmental/social/economic	sustainability
fishbone, Ishikawa, root cause	cause-effect diagram
descending bars, few important causes	Pareto chart
process over time, stable, UCL/LCL	control chart
DMAIC, defect reduction	Six Sigma
capability, tolerance, specification, sigma	Cp / Cpk
decomposition, scope, work packages	WBS
longest path, float, ES/EF/LS/LF	CPM
team members, channels	n(n-1)/2
threats/opportunities	risk
NPV, BCR, IRR	investment appraisal
make or buy, fixed cost, variable cost	cost comparison
TC = FC + Q×VC	break-even / costing

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6. 当前资料的使用边界

本套笔记遵循两个原则：

1. 样题优先：先看考试怎么问。
2. slides 佐证：只把当前已有 slides 能支撑的内容写实。

因此你在使用时要知道：

• DFM / Quality / WBS / Communications / Risk 这几块支撑较强。
• Finance 部分样题很多，但当前 slides 对部分题目的直接支撑较弱，所以我会在 finance 分册里特别标注哪些是 Partial coverage。